According to the passage the aim of a political party in a polyarchy is to do which one of the following?
The pericope which is germane to this question is 25-32
Polarchy achieves this diffusion of power through party competition and the operation of pressure groups. Competing for votes, parties seek to offer different sections of the electorate that they most want; they do not ask what the majority thinks of an issue, but what policy commitments will sway the electoral decisions of particular groups.
Let's hit the questions:
A) Directly contradicted by the passage in lines 29-30
B) It can be deduced from the passage that if they "determine what they most want" and are "competing for votes" and are looking to sway voters this fits like a glove "they will determine what position on an issue will earn the support of particular groups of voters"
C) Is tricky and got me on my first try. Political parts diffuse power by competing for VOTES not necessarily by winning or competing on a issue in particular. They are looking to sway blocks of voters not necessarily win a contest for an issue -- they issues that move the dial will be the major objective for political parties and thus C is close but misses the mark just by a smidgen.
D) Nope. All it says about officials is they are accountable to their electorate not that it ENSURES anything.
E) Not even close. Again same as D it doesn't ENSURE anything other than accountability -- if they mess up they COULD be shown the door and thus this reinforces diffusion of power.
Hope this helps!