Hello,
For this question I was able to eliminate down to B and D. Initially I chose D, but then switched to B because I thought it more directly fit since "psychological tensions" are discussed for rising expectations theory but not for relative deprivation theory. When reviewing the question I noticed that it describes the relative deprivation theory as "only slightly different...the impetus to protest (here) is..." so would that imply that "psychological tensions" were also present here? I suppose I see why D correct, but am having trouble seeing why B is incorrect. Thanks!
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Re: Q23
Good question about a tough question! (Thanks for writing out your thinking - it's a much more interesting conversation that way.)
This is the sort of question that you definitely want to think about before looking at the answers. In the passage, the difference between the "rising expectations" and "relative deprivation" models is said to be quite slim. It boils down to this: rising expectations holds that when folks start getting a higher socioeconomic position, they start to want to go even "higher." Relative deprivation holds that a group that is moving up the socioeconomic ladder will become frustrated when their rise doesn't bring them any closer to the status of the dominant group.
Both theories hold that rises in socioeconomic status are part of what energizes social movements, however relative deprivation ads in the issue of relative improvement. Indeed, as (D) notes, the two theories describes slightly differently what motivates groups who engage in social movements.
(A) is unsupported, perhaps even contradicted. Both theories suggest that rising status leads to social movements.
(B) is out of scope - specifically out of scope of the discussion of the differences between the two theories. We never learn how much relevance each theory ascribes to psychological explanations. In fact, it seems like both theories ascribe quite a bit. The discussion (and critique) of psychological explanations comes later, in response to all the theories.
(C) is unsupported, perhaps contradicted. Both these theories are used to explain the civil rights movement!
(E) is unsupported. The theories disagree about what factors regarding socioeconomic status are relevant, but there's no discussion of the relative weight that each theory assigns in general to issues involving socioeconomic status.
I hope that clears it up.
This is the sort of question that you definitely want to think about before looking at the answers. In the passage, the difference between the "rising expectations" and "relative deprivation" models is said to be quite slim. It boils down to this: rising expectations holds that when folks start getting a higher socioeconomic position, they start to want to go even "higher." Relative deprivation holds that a group that is moving up the socioeconomic ladder will become frustrated when their rise doesn't bring them any closer to the status of the dominant group.
Both theories hold that rises in socioeconomic status are part of what energizes social movements, however relative deprivation ads in the issue of relative improvement. Indeed, as (D) notes, the two theories describes slightly differently what motivates groups who engage in social movements.
(A) is unsupported, perhaps even contradicted. Both theories suggest that rising status leads to social movements.
(B) is out of scope - specifically out of scope of the discussion of the differences between the two theories. We never learn how much relevance each theory ascribes to psychological explanations. In fact, it seems like both theories ascribe quite a bit. The discussion (and critique) of psychological explanations comes later, in response to all the theories.
(C) is unsupported, perhaps contradicted. Both these theories are used to explain the civil rights movement!
(E) is unsupported. The theories disagree about what factors regarding socioeconomic status are relevant, but there's no discussion of the relative weight that each theory assigns in general to issues involving socioeconomic status.
I hope that clears it up.
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