I thought this was a little more tricky than the others, but still simple enough.
A - this was a difficult one to eliminate under time pressure. The entire passage seems to discuss the fact that pipes can't get the oil to the shore because of the proportion changes (multi state phases) and that they are developing ways to get the crude, in this multi phase state to shore. Even more tricky is the fact that it seems they have developed a way to do this (PD Pump) just that it is expensive.
However, this pump is only "promising", and is still being redesigned according to lines 30-31. So it seems it still isn't possible to get crude in multi state phase to shore.
B - The writers always seem to throw something like this in, but it is completely unsupported. We don't even know if the crude is in equal proportions when it comes from the ground, and it probably isn't. What's more is that we do not know if it is even possible to make the proportions equal. All we know is that the "sudden change" in proportion makes it difficult to use any current pumps to get crude to shore.
C - I only remember "corrosive material being discussed in relation to the material needed to build the PD pump. which again is still not possible to use yet, not that it matters in this case.
D - Correct answer. The start of the passage verifies this, lines 3-5. This is problem they are seeking to solve: how to remove the need to process crude of shore because of the dangers it presents. Currently, it cannot be done.
E - Unsupported, I cant even find a line that this wrong choice would be somewhat supported.